For NC machining, programming is very important, which directly affects the quality and efficiency of processing. I believe you are also fond of programming and love. How to grasp the programming skills of NC machining center quickly? electronic prototype development
[pause instruction]
G04X (U) _/P_ refers to tool pause time (feed spindle stop, don’t stop after X or P), the numerical address is.X numerical pause time back to the decimal point, otherwise this 1/1000 numerical calculation, in seconds (s) as a unit, P values are not with a decimal point (i.e. integer representation), in milliseconds (MS) as a unit.
But in some hole processing instructions (such as G82, G88 and G89), in order to ensure the roughness of the hole bottom, when the tool is processed to the bottom of the hole, there is a time to suspend. At this time, it can only be represented by address P. If the address X is used, the control system considers X to be executed by X axis coordinates. electronic prototype development
The difference and connection between M00, M01, M02 and M03]
M00 unconditionally suspends the instructions for the program. The execution of the program stops feeding. The spindle stops. The restart program must first go back to the JOG state, press CW (spindle is positive), start the spindle, then return to AUTO state, and press the START key to start the program.
M01 selectively suspends the instructions for the program. Before the program executes, the OPSTOP key on the control panel must be opened before execution. The effect after execution is the same as that of M00. Restart the program. The same time.M00 and M01 are often used to process the inspection or chip removal of the midway workpieces.
M02 main program end instruction. Execute to this instruction, feed stop, main shaft stop, coolant shut. But program cursor stop at end of program. electronic prototype development
M30 main program end instruction. Function with M02, the difference is, the cursor returns the location of the program head, whether or not there are other program segments after the M30.
[address D, the meaning of H is the same]
The tool compensation parameters D, H has the same function, can be interchanged, they all said compensation in the CNC system register address name, but the specific compensation value is how much, the key is from behind their compensation address, to decide. But in machining center, in order to prevent errors, the general provisions of H for human tool length compensation address, compensation number from 1~20, D address of tool radius compensation, the compensation number from 21 (20 knife knife).
[mirror instruction]
Image processing instructions M21, M22, M23. as the only mirror on X axis and Y axis, cutting the cutting order (milling and down milling), cutter offset direction, circular interpolation will turn contrary to the actual program. At the same time when the mirror on the X axis and Y axis, cutting sequence. The knife up direction, turn circular interpolation were unchanged. electronic prototype development
Note: use the mirror instructions must use M23 to cancel, so as not to affect the later in the program. In G90 mode, use the mirror or cancel orders, to return to the workpiece coordinate origin can be used. Otherwise, the CNC system can not calculate the trajectory of the back, there will be chaos phenomenon. Then walk the knife must be manually reset operation. To solve the problem. Not with the spindle steering mirror instruction changes.
[circular arc interpolation instruction]
G02 is clockwise interpolation and G03 is counterclockwise interpolation. In XY plane, the format is as follows: G02/G03X_Y_I_K_F_ or G02/G03X_Y_R_F_, where X and Y are circular arc end coordinates, I, J is the starting point of arcs to the increment value of the center on X, the axis of Y, and the radius of arc is the radius, which is the feed rate. electronic prototype development
Note that in the arc cutting, Q less than or equal to 180 degrees, q>180 degrees, R positive; R negative; I, K can also be specified R specified, when the two are specified at the same time, the R instruction priority, I, K is invalid; R can’t do the whole circle cutting, cutting circle can only use I, J. K programming, because through the same point, the same radius circle there are innumerable. When there is I, K is zero, it can be omitted; both G90 and G91, I, J, K according to the relative coordinate programming; circular interpolation, can not use the cutter compensation command G41/G42.
[the advantages and disadvantages between G92 and G54 to G59]
G54 ~ G59 is the coordinate system set before processing, while G92 is the coordinate system set up in the program. With G54 ~ G59, there is no need to use G92 anymore, otherwise G54 ~ G59 will be replaced, and it should be avoided.
Note: (1) when using G92 set the coordinate system, then use G54 to G59 will not have any effect, unless the power or restart the system, then use G92 to set the desired new workpiece coordinate system. (2) using the G92 program after the end, if the machine has not returned to the origin of 92 set to start this. Again, the position of the machine becomes the new workpiece coordinate origin, prone to accidents. Therefore, hope that the majority of readers with caution. electronic prototype development
[programming tool change program]
In the machining center and tool change is inevitable. But the machine factory has a fixed point of exchange tool, the tool change position, can not change the knife, and change the knife, knife and repair cycle must cancel, spindle stop, coolant conditions closed. Many, if every manual change the knife before, to ensure that these conditions, not only easy to make mistakes and low efficiency, so we can develop a tool change program to save, then M98 call can one-time tool change action.
Take the PMC-10V20 processing center as an example, the program is as follows:
O2002; (program name)
G80G40G49; (cancelling the fixed cycle, knife supplement)
M05; (spindle stop)
M09; (cooling liquid closes)
G91G30Z0; (Z axis back to second origin, that is, changing the knife point)
M06; (change knife)
M99; (the end of the subroutine)
When you need to change the knife, you only need to type “T5M98P2002” in the MDI state, then you can change the tool T5, so as to avoid a lot of unnecessary mistakes. The majority of readers can compile the corresponding tool change program according to the characteristics of their own machine tools. electronic prototype development
[other]
Segment sequence number, represented by the N address. The general NC device memory space is limited, in order to save storage space, program segment sequence number is omitted not.N indicates the program segment label, you can easily find editing program, has no effect on the machining process, the sequence number can be incremented or decreasing, also does not require numerical continuity. But in the use of certain instruction, the jump instruction, the subroutine and mirror instruction can not be omitted. The same procedure, the same instruction (the same address line) or the same set of instructions, after the play. electronic prototype development